初中英语学科知识与能力模拟测试八

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案,错选、多选或未选均无分。

请阅读 Passage1,完成第21-25小题。
    There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of"climbing the ladder” so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic,these people are internally"driven to work. Not infrequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an inordinate(过度的)amount of time working and, as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English, a new word"workaholic has been created to describe an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic is to liquor.
    There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production-a workaholic supports these values.
    Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful. Many people have been rebelling against the work ethic, claiming that when a job is so important, personal relationships suffer and relaxation becomes secondary. Consequently, there has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and non-work activities.
Increased leisure time in the United States has not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities. There is a belief that it is desirable"to work hard and play hard"and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the Job depends on the nature of the work.
    People are ambivalent toward work; it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled. In the words of former President Richard Nixon:" The work ethic' holds that labor is good in itself: that a man or woman becomes a better person by virtue of the act of working. America s competitive spirit,the work ethic, of this people, is alive and well. Another viewpoint is expressed in an Anacin commercial:"I like my job and am good at it, but it sure grinds me down (折磨) sometimes, and the last thing I need to take home is a headache."

请阅读 Passage2,完成第26-30小题。
    The lights go out--another power failure. “Get the candles,” Mom says, and I do. My younger brother and I search every room to collect the tall candles and holders (烛台) spaced around the house. I hurry from shelf to shelf gathering wax( 1) sticks in my arms and place them in the living room, a few candles in each corner except for a small red votive. That one I keep. It is the one I will take to the coffee table to use to read. I slide my book, Things Fall Apart, beside the candle holder determined to finish the last three chapters, but lacking determination. So the book remains closed.A sigh escapes my brother's lips.
    "This is boring,” he says A drop of wax falls on my book. "I know, "I say, but really,I am enjoying the stillness. I like to watch the candle burn and feel that life is simple. I like to look out of the window into an immediate darkness unspoiled by unpleasant light. I love these silent moments when I feel as if I can live the way they lived, the people of the past- the Egyptians, the Pilgrims(朝圣者), the Greeks -anyone who ever lived to see the black color I'm seeing, anyone who lived to see a yellow flame and depended on it. I feel at once with a secret, ancient age. I'm convinced that night. in this disturbed state, is the closest a person can get to experience the past.
    So, what was night really like for them? Night, as we know it now, is a pleasant, loving thing compared to the incomprehensible darkness that covered Earth's first people. Even its beauty seemed unmatched.
    What did a farmer's family do at night? Of course, the darkness must have brought them together, forced them into each other's company as it has done to us tonight--developed a close relationship in a time of fear and uncertainty. A fire probably burnt brightly in a central room where the family gathered to talk and relax. Night was a time when men and women were liberated from work and socialized. They had no computers or TVs, and had to make do with books, religion, and conversation. At their bedside, they prayed to God, and felt a sense of security that they were out of the darkness and harm's reach.
    Nevertheless, to run a risk of going outside was sometimes necessary, and the threat of robbers, wolves, even the ethereal(太空精灵), was present. What emotions did these people feel? Did they witness a deep bright blue cloud across heaven? What would it have been like to feel the night,heavy and damp against my back? Would it have taken me, choked me with its powerful hands,separated me from other people? Or would those have been awful dreams, and dreams only?
    I imagine a young girl, stepping outside her home and into a desert for some air. A cool,earthy smell would greet her. There's a sky with millions of stars-far more than a person could see today-and there's the moon It's the largest object in the sky, the midnight sun that shines in the world, the traveler's torch. It inspires stories of uncertainty, stories of power. I imagine this girl amazed at the moon and stars.If she wanders too far,she needn’t worry,for the stars will lead her back home.
    Bzzz! The lights return. Everyone cheers and abandons the room, happy that their period of being lonely is over, everyone except me. I pull my candle closer, and stare into the night. The glory is gone; it has been made less bright by street lamps, electric signs, TVS, and all other manners of artificial light. But in those moments, when every light in every house was off, people may have had a taste of the old world. They may finally have touched upon the slight fear, the admiration, and the respect that our ancestors felt for the night.

二、简答题(本大题1小题,20分)
根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。

三、教学情境分析题(本大题1小题,30分)
根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。

四、教学设计题(本大题1小题,40分)
根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案,用英文作答。