高中英语学科知识与能力模拟测试十

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案,错选、多选或未选均无分。

请阅读 Passage1,完成第21~25小题。
    David Feng is not a train worker or a frequent business traveler. However, in the first five months of 2018, he made 166 train journeys, traveling 53000 kilometers across China.
The Chinese-Swiss train aficionado has become an online celebrity for his livestreaming of Chinese railway lines, stations and trains of various kinds.
    Over the past decade, Feng has visited over 2300 Chinese railway stations out of the more than 3000 spread across the country. And he is now making a documentary called Next Station: China,where he plans to capture more than 2200 stations around the country. So far, he has filmed more than 300 stations.
    Feng,who was born in 1982 and grew up in Switzerland, completed his undergraduate,master's and doctor's degrees in broadcasting and communications in China, and is now an associate professor at the Communication University of China.
    His interest in China's railway system began 10 years ago when he first took the Beijing Tianjin intercity train, China's first high-speed railway line inaugurated on August 1, 2008. The trains top speed of over 300 km per hour surprised him, as it was 50 percent faster than the trains he took in Germany. "It was like stepping into the 22nd century, "he recalls.
    Since then, Feng has taken numerous trains in China and posted what he saw and thought on websites."China's railway system is advanced, and there is nothing wrong with singing high praise
for it, he says.
    China had 25000 km of high-speed railway lines by the end of 2017, accounting for 66 percent of the world,'s total.
    So far, Feng has livestreamed in English to netizens all around the world, on topics ranging from the opening ceremonies of new high-speed railway lines to the Spring Festival travel rush, the world's largest seasonal migration. His broadcasts have drawn the attention of netizens from Asia,Europe and the United States. "An Indian netizen said the new high-speed railway stations in China are like airports, calling them railports', "Feng says.
    He also likes correcting the English translations at stations. "Chinese high-speed rail ways use the best trains, so naturally, they should use correct English too, he says.
    He once saw a ticket machine with a sign that said"buffet ticket office", and a ticket counter called"artificial ticket office. So, Feng decided to start a column called "Railway English" on his Sina Weibo microblog to bring attention to the incorrect translations. And it was not long before a railway bureau noticed his microblog and invited him to give a lecture.
    He is now a regular visitor to several bureaus for English instruction. His book, 1000 Sentences for Passenger Service, was published in 2017. And without any promotion, the first batch of 3000 books sold out in two weeks, purchased mainly by employees of China's railway system. So, the publishing house soon printed 10000 more books.
    Separately, he has also helped to produce a handbook of everyday English terms for Beijingers to prepare for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
    Recently, Feng visited the construction site of the new airport in Beijing, which will be a major transportation hub not only for airlines, but also for railways, metros and highways.
    Speaking about his visit, he says, " There is no word in English that can describe the magnificent view of this new airport.
    Meanwhile, Feng likes offering advice to the railway authorities. And in 2013, he came up with 100 suggestions, such as developing train coaches with transparent roofs to allow for sightseeing
    Feng's Chinese wife, who he met during their doctorate studies, supports his passion and they
sometimes take trains together.
    According to current Chinese regulations, Feng will qualify to apply for permanent residence
in China in 2020.
    “I will definitely apply for it and continue to spread the word about Chinese railway culture,” he says.

请阅读 Passage2,完成第26~30小题。
    New studies take the most comprehensive look yet into immune system activity immediately after birth. Much about the immune system has long been mysterious to scientists. Its activity is incredibly complicated and varies greatly between individuals; a deeper understanding of how the system works could lead to more and better vaccines, and even to a clearer distinction between health and disease.
    Now three studies report finding new patterns amid the apparent chaos-including in the crucial days just after birth, when the immune system faces many threats from the outside world for the first time.
    European researchers last year published an analysis of the immune systems of 100 infants-half born prematurely-between one and 12 weeks after birth. And in a study appearing laying a baseline for healthy immune system development by examining which genes, proteins and immune cells are active during a newborn's first seven days.”Massive molecular changes are occurring across the first week of life,” says Ofer Levy, a staff physician and director of the Precision Vaccines program at Boston Children's Hospital, who helped lead the most recent study, Over 1000 genes changing, many proteins changing, hundreds of metabolites-we're talking about pretty radical shifts.”
    Both of these studiesand a third that looks at the adult immune system-are part of a growing effort to understand not just the systems pieces but how they fit together, says Petter Brodin, a pediatric immunologist and associate professor at Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, who was the senior author on last year's paper "The immune system is so complex; there are so many moving parts, Brodin says. " If we focus only on, let's say, one type of cell or protein, we're not going to be able to see how the system as a whole is wired, or how it's regulated and functions in a given patient at a given time.”
    Brodin adds he was surprised when his own research indicated babies' immune systems respond to birth in similar ways, regardless of whether they are born full-term or premature."Something happens when the child comes out and faces the environment for the very first time,”he says."There's a lot of drastic changes happening. " Brodin's research shows bacteria rapidly colonize newborns' digestive tracts, skin and lungs--which he says appears to be the " driving force"behind the changes. "We think that' s the trigger that happens after birth, which is the reason all of the children are responding so similarly, because they’re all colonized." he says. More research could help distinguish normal individual variation and determine how newborns with certain characteristics will fare later in childhood, he notes.
     In the study published this week, Levy and the other researchers in the international group compared two blood samples from each of 30 newborns in Gambia in west Africa, validating their findings in another 30 newborns halfway around the world in Papua New Guinea. They were able to get immense amounts of data on each child from only one milliliter of blood, which would not have been possible just a few years ago, says Levy, who is also a professor at Harvard Medical School.Although the newborns showed a lot of variation in measures of gene, immune and metabolic activity, the team was surprised to find"core signatures", he says, as the babies genetic and immune activities changed during the first week after birth. The study begins to set a baseline for immune behavior that will be useful for understanding how premature or sick babies differ from that norm, says Levy, whose team is now studying how vaccines affect this trajectory.

二、简答题(本大题1小题,20分)
根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。

三、教学情境分析题(本大题1小题,30分)
根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。

四、教学设计题(本大题1小题,40分)
根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案,用英文作答。