2018年成人高考专升本《英语》考试真题卷

I.Phonetics(5 points)
      Directions:In each of the following groups of words,there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A,B,C and D.Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

         The destruction of habitats(栖息地）all over the world is the primary reason species are becoming extinct(灭绝)or endangered.Houses,highways,dams,industrial buildings,and ever-spreading farms now dominate         21        formerly occupied by forests,deserts,and weetlands.         22          the beginning of European settlement in America,          23       ,over 65,000,000 acres of wetlands have been drained.One million acres alone vanished          24          1985 and 1995.
         Habitat destruction can be          25          or it can be subtle,occumng over a           26        period of time without being noticed.         27        ,such as sewage from cities and chemical runoff from farms,can change the         28         and quantity of water in streams and rivers.To          29          living in a delicately balanced habitat,this disturbance can be as           30       as the clear-cutting of a rain forest.
                   31           remaining habitats are carved into smaller and smaller pockets or islands,remaining species are forced to exist in these           32           areas,which causes further habitat               33           .These species become less adaptable to environmental           34             ; in fact,they become           35            endangered.Scientists believe that when a habitat is cut by 90%,one-half of its plants,animals and insects will become extinct.

Wed May 21,2:17 AM ET
        TRUCKEE,Calif.-Call it drunken diving deja vu(记忆幻觉）.For the second time in
five months,a 23-year-old Califomia woman has been arrested after she crashed her car while driving under the influence (DUI) at the exact same spot north of Lake Tahoe.
        And to top it of,Truckee Police say that in both cases,her blood alcohol content was morethan three times the legal limit.
        The police say Melissa Dennison of Truckee crashed at about noon on Sunday on Glenshire Drive just south of the Glenshire Bridge.They say she was extremely drunk and had trouble standing or walking.Her blood alcohol level initially was measured at.346.The legal limit is.08.
        Sergeant J.Litchie said Dennison also had been charged with a DUI in January when she crashed at the same spot and registered a blood alcohol level of.380.If found guilty of the second offense,she faces up to 10 years in prison and fines in excess of $2,000.
        A telephone message the Associated Press left at a listing for Denruson in Truckee on Tuesday was not immediately returned.

         There were many different cultures in the ancient would,but the two that had the most Influence on European and American civilizations were the Greek and the Roman.Often these two cultures are lumped together in our rrunds,as if they were really exactly alike.But that is not the case.In many ways the Greeks and the Romans could not have been more different.
         The Greeks were truly democratic,often without a single leader but instead governed by a group of men chosen by the people.The Romans were semi-democratic.They had a governing Senate,but the political power was mostly or completely in the hands d a single emperor.
         Both cultures were great builders.But the construction interests of the two cultures were also different.The Greeks tended to be more artistic.Their buildings were well constructed and they were especially interested in temples,columns,and decorative forms.The Romans,on the other hand,were more engineers than artists.They concentrated their efforts on urban planning,well functioning water pipes,and the best roads.
         Only in cooking and eating habits are the two cultures really similar.Both people ate very well indeed:lots of fish,fresh vegetables and fruits,healthy meals,holding at the same time long discussions and tasting excellent wines.
In fact,it would probably be fair to say that they both loved life in their warm,sea-oriented climates,and they both lived a full life.

        As recently as three decades ago,many Americans believed that using credit was an unwise and dangerous way to pay for what they bought.Some even thought that owing money to a store or a credit company was something to be ashamed of. Good citizens,they believed,always bought what they wanted with real money and they paid the full price immediately.
        Today,however,all that has changee.Credit,as some observers have noted,has become a way of life in the United States.More and more Americans now are depending on those small pieces of prastic,credit cards,to pay for large purchases such as televisions,record players or furniture.Many people today would consider it unusual not to use a credit card to pay for a costly restaurantdinner,a hotel room or an airline trip.And there are some situations in which Americans must have credit card.If they want the temporary use of a car,for example,they first must give the car rental company the number of their credit care.That number is considered a guarantee that they will return the car and pay for using it.
         Credit cards offer two major services to Americans.First of all,they are easier and safer tocarry than large amounts of money.Second,they permit people to borrow,to have the immediate pleasure of owning something,even if they do not have enough money to pay for it at the time.
         With credit cards people pay for goods or services at the end of each month instead of when they buy them.And when the time does come to pay,most credit cards offer people a choice.They can pay all of what they owe for the month or they can just pay usually between 5 and 10 percent of what they owe.

      At the 1893 Columbian Exposition,a World Fair held in Chicago,chocolate-making machinery made in Germany was displayed.It caught the eye of M.S.Hershey,who saw the potential for chocolate.He installed chocolate maclunery in his factory in Lancaster,ancl produced his first chocolate bars in 1894.
      Other Americans began mixing in other materials to make up new candy bars throughout the end of the 1890's and the early 1900's.But it was World War I that really brought attention to the candy bar.
      The U.S.Army Quartermaster Corps requested various American chocolate manufacturers to provide 20 to 40 pound blocks of chocolate to be shipped to quart.ermaster bases.The blocks were cut into smaller pieces and distributed to American soldiers in Europe.Eventually the task of making smaller pieces was turned back to the manufacturers.By the end of the war when the solider amved home,the American candy bar business was assured.Why?because the retuming soldiers had grown fond of chocolate candy and wanted more of the same.As a result,from that time on and through the 1920’s,candy bar manufactures became established throughout the United States,and as many as 40,000 different candy bars appeared on the scene.
      The original candy bar industry had its start on the eastem coast in such cities as Philadelphia,Boston,and New York.The industry soon spread to the Midwest because shipping and raw materials such as sugar,corn syrup,and milk were easily available.Chicago became the seat of the candy bar industry and is even today an important base .

       Mark Twain is one of America's much-beloved authors,creating imaginative and humorous classics for children and adults alike,such as The Adventures of Tom Sauyer,The Prince and The Pauper,and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Twain passed away in 1910,leaving behind a treasure of great literature.But now,100 years after his death,he'll have a brand-new book on the shelves:a three-volume autobiography.
       Twain hasn't been keeping busy in his tomb:it was his wish that publishers wait until 100 years after his death to publish his memoirs(自传）,which he spent the last decade of his life working on.
       The autobiography totals more than 5,000 pages,and likely won't be all sunshine and roses.It seems that Twain harbored some bitterness against former girlfriends and ex-friends.He also rites negatively about politicians of his day,such as Teddy Roosevelt.It's likely that he requested such a long lead time for the memoirs because he didn't want to hurt the feelings of anyone mentioned in this work.
        Although small sections of the memoirs have been previously published,the autobiography as never been available in full,and should provide great insights into the man behind the classic books.The first volume of the set will be available in November,and the trilogy is being published the University of Califomia,Berkeley.
      “There are so many biographies of Twain,and many of them have used bits and pieces of the autobiography,”editor Robert Hirst told The Independent .“But biographers pick and choose what bits to quote.By publishing Twain’s book in full,we hope that people will be able to come to their own complete conclusions about what sort,of a man he was.”

A.What should I take
B.where to
C.When shall we set off
D.start packing
E.have a wonderful time
F.What could I get
G.be great fun
H.What is the time

Mary：How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?
John：Wonderful.But          56           ?
Mary：What about the Blue Mountain? It's quite cool there.
John：That's a good idea.Shall we invite Michael and his girlfriend to go with us?
Mary：Sure!It would           57           to have them with us.
John：Good!          58            ?
Mary：You could buy some drinks and sandwiches.And some fruit,too.
John：OK.            59           ?
Mary：How about 8 o'clock in the morning?It takes about two hours to get there.
John：OK.I'll call Michael and tell him about our plan.We sure will            60             .

Ⅵ.Writing(25 points)
      Directions:For this part,you are supposed to write an essay in Englishin 100-120 words based on the following information.Rememberto to write it neatly.