2014年成人高等学校招生全国统一试卷 英语专升本试题

基本信息:[矩阵文本题] *

III.Cloze (30 points)
      Directions: For each blank in the following passage ,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

       The Nobel Prizes are awards that are given each year for special things that people or groups of people have achieved. They areawarded in six 21 : physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace and economics.
       The prizes come from 22 that was created by the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel. He wanted to use some of his money to help make the world 23 place to live.
        Many organizations, chosen by Alfred Nobel himself, 24  who receives the prizes. Each award 25  a gold medal, adiploma and a lot of money. Prizes can only be given to 26  of all races, countries and religions. Only the Peace Prize can 27 be given to a group.
        The first Nobel Prizes were handed out 28 December 10, 1901 - five years after Alfred Nobel’s death. Nobel was a chemist, engineerand inventor  29 most famous invention , dynamite, made him a 30 man. Although he gave the world such a  31 weapon, Nobel was always against wars and  32 . He therefore left a lot of money that was to go to those who did a lot for the peace of 33 .
        Officials at first handed out only five prizes a year. The prize for economics was first awarded in 1969. In 34 years prizes have not been awarded because there were no  35  candidates
        All prizes are presented in Stockholm, Sweden, only the Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway.

IV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)
       Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
       At first glance, there hardly seems to be any comparison between Ravenna and Rome, but back in the 5th century, it was Ravenna that served as capital of the Western Roman Empire. In this city. Roman rulers built monuments which are famous, then and now, for their sweeping mosaics (镶嵌图案) .Seven of Ravenna?s eight buildings from the 5th and 6th centuries are spectacularly decorated with examples of this ancient art.”“In the past, many people couldn?t read or write,”says tour guide and Ravenna native Silvia Giogoli.“Mosaics were a way to explain the religion and the political situation the people.”
        Visitors to Ravenna can look at pieces of art by ancient artists, listen to musicians, and learn to make their own masterpieces.
        Travel Tips
        When to Go: June-October; weather is pleasant in April and May but historic sites can get crowded with school groups.
        Where to Stay: Walk through historic district sites from Albergo Cappello and stay at a modern Hotel Centrale Byron.
        How to Get Around: Take the train from Bologna, and then walk ,bike, or use taxis within the city.
        Where to Eat or Drink: Housed in a dormer movie theater, two-story Ristorante Cinema Alexander blends 1940s Hollywood flavor with homemade Emilia Romagna courses and attentive service (helpful intranslating the menu).For fresh seafood, try Osteria L’ Accigua and Da Buco.
        What to Buy: Watch the next generation of Emilia Romagna mosaic artists create contemporary and traditional pieces in local studios where modern artists use the same methods as their Byzantine forefathers.
        What to Read Before You Go :Ravenna in Late Antiquity, by Deborah Mauskopf Deliyannis (2010).provides a wide-ranging look at the city’s art, architecture, and history.

       When you pat your pet dog, he wags (摆来摆去）his tail. That is his way of saying that he loves you. And ,if you pay attention, you will see that he uses his tail to say so many things, Every movement of the tail means a different thing. If the dog is wagging its tail, it is a sign of friendliness; if his tail is straight, it means he is getting ready for a fight; and if his tail is tucked (塞）behind his legs ,it means he is giving up the fight.
       Unlike dogs, eats? tail language is not so expressive. When a cat feels threatened, he puffs himself up to appear big and his tail shakes with tension. And when his is displeased with something ,he lashes out (甩动）his tail.
       The tail language of dogs and cats has a little story behind it. Earlier, when dogs and cats had not become friends with human beings, they were predators. They used to hunt other animals for their food. When dogs went out hunting with their facial expressions to talk. But, for long-distance communication, they used their tails. Unlike dogs, cats liked to hunt alone. So, they did not need to use tail language too often.
        As a result. As a result ,their vocabulary in tail language is much smaller than that of dogs.

       Like any teenagers, the face of One Teen Story is changing fast. Just a year old, the monthly magazine of short fiction for young people is getting a new editor-in-chief: Patrick Ryan,47,the associate editor of Granta from 2009 to 2013,He left the London-based literary journal last month.
       Editing One Teen Story-the younger sibling (姐妹篇）of One story magazine-will offer Ryan a chance to reach a whole new audience.“It?s really the only magazine for young adult short fiction,” he says from his office in New       York.“It?s tremendously exciting that there are younger people out there who have subscriptions and look forward to getting these stories once a month. That form is usually only presented when it?s forced upon them in schools.”
       Designed for readers 14 and up, one Teen Story publishes nine issues a year. Like its sibling magazine, it doesn?t carry photographs or advertising .It?s just exactly what it says: one story per issue.
       Ryan says young people are “looking for engaging reads about people whom they can identify with. It?s not about having a message or positive spin（说教）.It always starts on a character level, and it has to have an interesting story. If you look at the “Twilight characters and the ?Harry Potter? characters, they feel very contemporary.”
       Ryan also sees the magazine as a way to encourage talented authors“ I would love to make One Teen Story the first publication for writers who then go on and keep at this business. I just really love the idea that this magazine would be the starting point for somebody-would be the push to make a talented writer feel that it was worth keeping at this.”

         Couples are restricting the size of their families in the UK because of each worries brought on by the financial crisis and the subsequent decline. We?re now up to nearly 3.7 million families where there is an only child, a rise from about 3.3 million in 2005.That means nearly half of all parents have only one child.
         Financial worries aren?t the only driver. The trend to wards later motherhood has been mentioned as a cause, as have soaring costs of raising a child, which have been calculated as ￡ 222,5000 from birth to 21 years of age. This is an increase of nearly 40% in 10 years.
        The increasing availability of IVF（试管婴儿） is also a factor and an interesting one. Couples who might have remained childless in the past now invest in IVF and get pregnant. And because of the cost they stop after one child.
        It may not be a bad thing; there are outstanding examples of talented only children. Some argue that being an only child promoted their success. There include actors Natalie Portman and AI Pacino, golfer Tiger Woods and even Queen Victoria, A study from the Institute for Social and Economic Research at the University of Essex also showed that the fewer brothers and sisters a child has ,the happier they are ,It seems fighting for parental attention and affection -which sometimes descends into physical fights -is more stressful than any adult had previously thought. And it?s not compensated(弥补）by having a playmate.

        About 79 million Americans have pre-diabetes (糖尿病前期）.That means they have blood sugar that?s higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed (诊断）with type 2- at least not yet. One long-term study reported by the American Diabetes Association found that 11% of people with pre-diabetes develop the full-blown disease each year. Another study shows that pre-diabetes will probably become type 2 in 10 years or less.
        Yet, that process is not inevitable. Last year, scientists in Colorado found that people with pre-diabetes who lowered their blood sugar to normal levels-even briefly-were 56% less likely to reach type 2 levels.
        If you have pre-diabetes, here are four steps to help prevent or delay a diabetes diagnosis.
        Lose 7% of your body weight. That is about 15 pounds for the person who weight 200.Dropping that small percentage has been shown to lower the risk of developing type 2 by close to 60%
        Exercise 30 minutes five days a week. Whether you do the 30 minutes in one shot or in three 10-minute sessions, the benefit is the same, Choose certain exercises, such as fast walking ,playing tennis or lifting weights, Physical such as sweeping floors works, too. Turn to your doctor. In some cases, pre-diabetes raises the risk of heart disease and stroke by 50%.Your doctor may use some medicine to control your glucose (葡萄糖）levels and keep your blood pressure in check.
        Know your numbers. To see if your pre-diabetes is improving, have your blood sugar checked regularly. A fasting blood sugar of 100 to 125 mg/dl suggests pre-diabetes; 126 mg/dl or above is diabetes; and below 100 is normal. Other tests, including glucose to lerance and AIC , also are used to monitor blood sugar.